Bee Varieties Variety
Of 2009 to help you 2018, 192 bee variety (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) had been trapped in Calanques Federal Playground via one another websites and you can dish trap selections. They belonged so you can half a dozen group and 38 genera. Megachilidae is actually the quintessential kinds-rich family unit members, with Apidae and Halictidae, with 53, forty-two, and you may 43 variety, respectively. Andrena Fabricius, 1775 was the richest genus, with 33 types, whereas seven genera had been illustrated because of the one kinds (Stelis Panzer, 1806; Protosmia Ducke, 1900; Pseudoanthidium Friese, 1898; Coelioxys Latreille, 1809; Chelostoma Latreille, 1809; Anthidiellum Cockerell, 1904; Amegilla Friese, 1897; Panurgus Panzer, 1806; Supp Table 1 [on the internet simply] ). With the jackknife step one and you will dos indexes, the entire bee species fullness was estimated getting between ± nine.89 and you will ± . The new seen richness thus portrayed 71.step three to 79.6% of your own projected bee fullness ( Table 2). The brand new Chao1 approach estimated brand new observed fullness to be 76.8% of your possible limitation richness ( Dining table dos). One particular numerous types are Apis mellifera L. (276 anybody), followed by Rhodanthidium septemdentatum (Latreille, 1809), Rh. sticticum (Fabricius, 1787) (174 and you may 168 somebody, respectively), and you will Lasioglossum transitorium (Shenck, 1868) (113 anyone). Fundamentally, fifty kinds (26%) was basically illustrated from the only 1 individual (singletons).
Ecological Traits away from Bees
About your environmental traits out-of nesting preferences, we recognized 59 solitary bee variety nesting above ground, 92 single bee kinds nesting below ground and you may 23 cleptoparasitic variety, comparable to 29.7, 47.nine, and twelve.0% of your own full bee species richness, respectively. We imagined four societal variety (bumble bees and honey bees-2.1%). In the long run, the fresh new nesting needs of 14 varieties are nevertheless unknown (7.3%- Supp Dining table 1 [on the web just] ). About your flowery eating plan regarding bee varieties, we unearthed that 105 varieties (54.7%) foraged into the many bush variety (we.e., generalist variety, polylectic) and you can 51 variety (26.5%) foraged on a single plant family members or you to definitely/couples bush species (we.e., pro does loveroulette work species, oligolectic). On kept 36 bee variety (18.8%), brand new floral diet wasn’t known (e.g., to possess cleptoparasitic varieties). But not, extremely generalist types demonstrated a preference for starters or a number of bush household ( Supp Dining table step 1 [online merely] ). On 44 singletons, 14 bee kinds (28%) was in fact pros, and you will nine bee varieties (18%) were cleptoparasitic ( Supp Dining table step 1 [on line only] ).
An IUCN condition is actually readily available for 178 kinds (leaving out the newest varieties buildings and you may unidentified types). Some of those, 47 types was in fact categorized once the data lacking (DD-26.4%), 124 varieties have been least worried (LC-69.6%), half a dozen kinds was indeed close threatened (NT-step three.4%; Andrena ovatula (Kirby, 1802), Colletes albomaculatus (Lucas, 1849), Dasypoda argentata Panzer, 1809, Halictus quadricinctus (Fabricius, 1776), Lasioglossum prasinum (Smith, 1848), and L. pygmaeum (Schenck, 1853)), plus one kinds is actually considered endangered (EN-0.6%; L. soror (Saunders, 1901)- Supp Dining table step 1 [on the web merely] ). About three oligolectic kinds had been one of many eight threatened bee types. A beneficial. ovatula and C. albomaculatus are specialists toward Fabaceae, D. argentata try a professional into Caprifoliaceae.
Away from 2009 to 2018, 38 types of hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) were trapped into the Calanques National Playground. It belonged in order to twenty-four genera ( Supp Dining table 2 [on the internet just] ). One particular plentiful genera have been Paragus Latreille, 1804 (33 people), Meliscaeva Frey, 1946 (14 anybody), and you will Sphaerophoria Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau Audinet-Serville in Latreille, 1828 (thirteen somebody), whereas 20 kinds (53%) was basically depicted by the just one individual ( Supp Desk 2 [on the web just] ). The new bee flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae) have been represented from the 20 kinds, also four singletons (25%) ( Supp Table step three [on the web merely] ). New estimate off total variety fullness out of hover flies and bee flies are anywhere between 83 and you will 97 kinds making use of the jackknife step 1 and you can 2 indexes, respectively. Therefore, the fresh noticed fullness portrayed 59.8–69.9% of the projected hover travel and bee travel richness ( Desk 2).